White House Fights Navy Sonar Limits
January 16th, 2008For the 717th time since he captured the United States presidency, George W. Bush has decided he is the “decider” in trying to override the law.
The Bush White House is trying to overrule a federal court’s decision limiting the Navy’s use of sonar in training exercises off the East and West coasts by exempting the service from complying with two major environmental laws, the Coastal Zone Management Act and the National Environmental Policy Act.
Environmentalists sued to limit the use of loud, mid-frequency sonar, which can harm whales and other marine mammals. They now say the Bush exemptions would be unprecedented and lead to a larger legal battle over the extent to which the military has to follow environmental laws, a battle I’ve been in on myself in the past back in the early 1990s when the Navy wanted to locate a high powered, low frequency nuclear pulse simulator called the EMPRESS II in the Gulf of Mexico to test ships’ hardening against atmospheric nuclear blasts.
Joel Reynolds, the attorney for the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC), said the organization, which obtained the injunction against the Navy, would contest the White House orders in court.
“The president’s action is an attack on the rule of law,” Reynolds said. “By exempting the Navy from basic safeguards under both federal and state law, the President is flouting the will of Congress, the decision of the California Coastal Commission, and a ruling by the federal court.”
In a court filing Tuesday, government attorneys said President Bush had determined that allowing the use of mid-frequency sonar in ongoing exercises off southern California was “essential to national security” and of “paramount interest to the United States.”
Federal District Court Judge Marie Florence-Marie Cooper ruled earlier this month in Los Angeles that the Navy’s plan to limit harm to whales - especially deep-diving beaked whales that have at times stranded and died following Navy sonar exercises - were “grossly inadequate to protect marine mammals from debilitating levels of sonar exposure.” A federal appeals court had previously ruled as well that the Navy plan was inadequate, and sent the case back to Cooper to set new guidelines for the exercise, according to a Washington Post analysis.
In her ruling, she banned sonar use within 12 nautical miles of the coast and required numerous procedures to cut off sonar use when marine mammals are spotted. Following the ruling, the Navy indicated that the guidelines would render the exercise useless, despite the judge’s opposite conclusion.
The NRDC said the situation does not constitute an emergency, since the Navy is allowed to continue sonar training under Cooper’s ruling.
Navy officials have argued that they must step up sonar training because a new generation of “quiet” submarines has made it increasingly difficult to detect underwater intruders. The Navy says more than 40 nations now have relatively inexpensive diesel-powered submarines, which cannot be detected with passive sonar and can only be located with sonar that emits the loud blasts of sound.
The Navy trains sailors in sonar use on an underwater range off southern California and wants to build another range off the Carolinas.

